Optimal. Leaf size=107 \[ -\frac{2 b \left (3 a^2-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{a-b} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a+b}}\right )}{a d (a-b)^{3/2} (a+b)^{3/2}}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{d \left (a^2-b^2\right ) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}+\frac{x}{a} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.205855, antiderivative size = 107, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 30, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.2, Rules used = {4042, 3923, 3919, 3831, 2659, 208} \[ -\frac{2 b \left (3 a^2-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{a-b} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a+b}}\right )}{a d (a-b)^{3/2} (a+b)^{3/2}}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{d \left (a^2-b^2\right ) (a+b \sec (c+d x))}+\frac{x}{a} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 4042
Rule 3923
Rule 3919
Rule 3831
Rule 2659
Rule 208
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{a^2-b^2 \sec ^2(c+d x)}{(a+b \sec (c+d x))^3} \, dx &=-\int \frac{-a+b \sec (c+d x)}{(a+b \sec (c+d x))^2} \, dx\\ &=\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}+\frac{\int \frac{a \left (a^2-b^2\right )-2 a^2 b \sec (c+d x)}{a+b \sec (c+d x)} \, dx}{a \left (a^2-b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac{x}{a}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac{\left (b \left (3 a^2-b^2\right )\right ) \int \frac{\sec (c+d x)}{a+b \sec (c+d x)} \, dx}{a \left (a^2-b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac{x}{a}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac{\left (3 a^2-b^2\right ) \int \frac{1}{1+\frac{a \cos (c+d x)}{b}} \, dx}{a \left (a^2-b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac{x}{a}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}-\frac{\left (2 \left (3 a^2-b^2\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{1+\frac{a}{b}+\left (1-\frac{a}{b}\right ) x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) d}\\ &=\frac{x}{a}-\frac{2 b \left (3 a^2-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{a-b} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a+b}}\right )}{a (a-b)^{3/2} (a+b)^{3/2} d}+\frac{2 b^2 \tan (c+d x)}{\left (a^2-b^2\right ) d (a+b \sec (c+d x))}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.460015, size = 139, normalized size = 1.3 \[ \frac{\frac{b \left (\left (a^2-b^2\right ) (c+d x)+2 a b \sin (c+d x)\right )+a \left (a^2-b^2\right ) (c+d x) \cos (c+d x)}{a \cos (c+d x)+b}-\frac{2 b \left (b^2-3 a^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{(b-a) \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} (c+d x)\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{a^2-b^2}}}{a d (a-b) (a+b)} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [B] time = 0.098, size = 202, normalized size = 1.9 \begin{align*} 2\,{\frac{\arctan \left ( \tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) \right ) }{ad}}-4\,{\frac{{b}^{2}\tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) }{d \left ({a}^{2}-{b}^{2} \right ) \left ( \left ( \tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) \right ) ^{2}a- \left ( \tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) \right ) ^{2}b-a-b \right ) }}-6\,{\frac{ab}{d \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) \sqrt{ \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) }}{\it Artanh} \left ({\frac{ \left ( a-b \right ) \tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) }{\sqrt{ \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) }}} \right ) }+2\,{\frac{{b}^{3}}{ad \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) \sqrt{ \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) }}{\it Artanh} \left ({\frac{ \left ( a-b \right ) \tan \left ( 1/2\,dx+c/2 \right ) }{\sqrt{ \left ( a+b \right ) \left ( a-b \right ) }}} \right ) } \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [B] time = 0.616108, size = 1050, normalized size = 9.81 \begin{align*} \left [\frac{2 \,{\left (a^{5} - 2 \, a^{3} b^{2} + a b^{4}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + 2 \,{\left (a^{4} b - 2 \, a^{2} b^{3} + b^{5}\right )} d x +{\left (3 \, a^{2} b^{2} - b^{4} +{\left (3 \, a^{3} b - a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt{a^{2} - b^{2}} \log \left (\frac{2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) -{\left (a^{2} - 2 \, b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt{a^{2} - b^{2}}{\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right ) + 2 \, a^{2} - b^{2}}{a^{2} \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 2 \, a b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + b^{2}}\right ) + 4 \,{\left (a^{3} b^{2} - a b^{4}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{2 \,{\left ({\left (a^{6} - 2 \, a^{4} b^{2} + a^{2} b^{4}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right ) +{\left (a^{5} b - 2 \, a^{3} b^{3} + a b^{5}\right )} d\right )}}, \frac{{\left (a^{5} - 2 \, a^{3} b^{2} + a b^{4}\right )} d x \cos \left (d x + c\right ) +{\left (a^{4} b - 2 \, a^{2} b^{3} + b^{5}\right )} d x -{\left (3 \, a^{2} b^{2} - b^{4} +{\left (3 \, a^{3} b - a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (d x + c\right )\right )} \sqrt{-a^{2} + b^{2}} \arctan \left (-\frac{\sqrt{-a^{2} + b^{2}}{\left (b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}\right ) + 2 \,{\left (a^{3} b^{2} - a b^{4}\right )} \sin \left (d x + c\right )}{{\left (a^{6} - 2 \, a^{4} b^{2} + a^{2} b^{4}\right )} d \cos \left (d x + c\right ) +{\left (a^{5} b - 2 \, a^{3} b^{3} + a b^{5}\right )} d}\right ] \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{a - b \sec{\left (c + d x \right )}}{\left (a + b \sec{\left (c + d x \right )}\right )^{2}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [A] time = 1.26168, size = 236, normalized size = 2.21 \begin{align*} -\frac{\frac{4 \, b^{2} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )}{{\left (a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )^{2} - a - b\right )}{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )}} - \frac{2 \,{\left (3 \, a^{2} b - b^{3}\right )}{\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac{d x + c}{2 \, \pi } + \frac{1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm{sgn}\left (2 \, a - 2 \, b\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right ) - b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, d x + \frac{1}{2} \, c\right )}{\sqrt{-a^{2} + b^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{3} - a b^{2}\right )} \sqrt{-a^{2} + b^{2}}} - \frac{d x + c}{a}}{d} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]